For those who would like to study a degree program on Islamic Studies, here are my highly recommended specialized/higher learning institutions where ijtihad (independent thinking) and academic freedom are commonly practiced:
1. University of Chicago (USA) https://divinity.uchicago.edu/islamic-studies
2. McGill University (Canada) http://www.mcgill.ca/islamicstudies/
3. University of Oxford (UK) http://www.orinst.ox.ac.uk/iw/index.html
4. Marmara University (Turkey) http://ilahiyat.marmara.edu.tr/tr/
5. International Islamic University Malaysia http://www.iium.edu.my/
My recommended top contemporary scholars of Islam that have sophisticated scholarship and great contributions to the literature (in no particular order):
Mohammed Arkoun
Khaled Abou el Fadl
Wael B. Hallaq
Seyyed Hossein Nasr
Fazlur Rahman
Tariq Ramadan
William Montgomery Watt
Franz Rosenthal
Timothy Winter
Anthony Black
Omid Safi
Abdolkarim Soroush
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
Fred McGraw Donner
John L. Esposito
Ingrid Mattson
Alparslan Açıkgenç
Sherman A. Jackson
Mohammad Hashim Kamali
Mohammed Fadel
Mohammad Hassan Khalil
Muhammad Iqbal
Ali Shariati
Louay M. Safi
Martin Lings
Muqtedar Khan
Jonathan A.C. Brown
Marshall G.S. Hodgson
Muhammad Asad
Sayyid Qutb
Rashid Rida
Yusuf al-Qaradawi
Abul A'la Maududi
Muhammad Abduh
Said Nursi
Marmaduke Pickthall
Hamza Yusuf
Warith Deen Mohammed
Taha Abderrahmane
Hassan Hanafi
Abdulaziz Sachedina
Hamid Dabashi
Amina Wadud
Akbar Ahmed
Ziauddin Sardar
Edip Yuksel
Reza Aslan
Ebrahim E.I. Moosa
Farid Esack
Nader Hashemi
Timur R. Yuskaev
John O. Voll
Olivier Roy
Andrew March
Carl W. Ernst
Addendum (for your reference): International Institute of Islamic Thought http://iiit.org/Home/tabid/36/Default.aspx
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